A Study of Eco-driving Strategy at Signalized Intersections
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摘要: 为解决信号交叉口区域车辆频繁启停及怠速停车造成的燃油浪费和污染物排放问题,研究了以节能为导向的信号交叉口的生态驾驶策略问题.借助交叉口区域的V2I通信系统获得车辆自身定位和运动状态数据,以及信号灯状态与配时信息,对车辆所处车速引导场景及可通行性进行判定.对各场景下车辆时空运动轨迹进行分析,综合考虑交叉口上下游的燃油消耗,以平均每公里油耗最小建立统一的优化目标函数,求得生态驾驶轨迹最优解,以向驾驶员提供车速建议.利用M atlab开展的随机仿真实验表明,与不采用生态驾驶车速引导相比,采用生态驾驶车速引导至少可降低10% 以上的燃油消耗.对于划分的6种车速引导场景而言,最优生态驾驶策略在场景2下的节油效果最为显著,可达到30% ~60%;其次是场景4,可达到25% ~50%;在场景3和场景5中表现略差.从节约能源的角度而言,车辆在通过信号交叉口时应尽量避免停车等待,防止发动机长时间空转造成的燃油浪费,必要时可采取适当加减速的方式通过交叉口.Abstract: In order to reduce fuel consumption and exhaust emissions caused by frequently starting and idling vehi-cles at signalized intersections,the problem of eco-driving strategy at signalized intersection on energy-saving oriented is studied.With the help of the V2I communication system in intersection areas,GPS locations and moving states of vehi-cles,also signal phase and timing information are obtained,then optimal speed advisory scenarios of green lights are de-termined according to these data.Time and space trajectories of vehicles under each scenario are analyzed.Considering fu-el consumption of upstream and dow nstream areas of intersections,a unified optimization objective function is established with a goal of minimum average fuel consumption per kilometer.The optimal solution of eco-driving strategy is obtained, and speed advice is provided to the driver.A random simulation is carried out by Matlab.It shows that the eco-driving strategy can reduce fuel consumption by more than 10% comparing with non-eco-driving speed strategy.Among the six green light optimal speed advisory scenarios,the most significant fuel saving of the optimal eco-driving strategy appears in Case 2,which reaches 30% -60%,followed by Case 4,which reaches 25% -50%.It appears slightly worse in Case 3 and Case 5.In order to improve fuel consumption efficiency,vehicles should avoid stopping and waiting when passing sig-nalized intersections.They can also try to pass through intersections by appropriate acceleration and deceleration if necessary.
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Key words:
- traffic control /
- eco-driving /
- signalized intersection /
- fuel consumption
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