A Review of Current Situation and Hot Spots of Road Safety Research
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摘要: 道路交通事故的产生对民众的生命安全和财产损失影响巨大，国内外学者在该方面进行了大量的研究。为了整体把握道路交通事故研究热点及发展趋势，从中国知网(CNKI)核心期刊数据库和Web of Science核心合集数据库选取了2000—2020年与道路交通事故相关的3 943篇文献为数据源，借助CiteSpace和VOSviewer文献计量软件平台从文献分布特征、关键词共现、关键词聚类、关键词突现等方面进行分析，并在此基础上从事故黑点鉴别与影响因素分析、事故安全评价与事故预测、事故伤害(RTI)的流行病学研究和预防、事故处理与安全管理、事故仿真与驾驶行为分析这5个研究方向分析道路交通安全的研究趋势与热点问题。研究表明：①从作者合作方面分析发现道路交通事故研究具有多学科交叉性质；②对关键词共现分析发现国内外期刊关键词共现类别基本一致，说明国内外对道路交通事故方面的研究具有较强的一致性；③数据分析发现当前研究还存在实时交通事故评价手段欠缺、道路交通伤害数据结构不统一、事故仿真模型的通用性与有效性有待于进一步提高等问题；④从研究趋势的演进来看，未来的研究趋势主要集中在道路交通事故侵权责任研究、道路交通事故对道路通行能力的影响等方面。Abstract: Due to its great impacts on people's life and property loss, road safety research has been gained more and more attention in China and abroad. Inorder to grasp state of the art and the practice of road safety research, 3 943 papers related to road accidents from 2000 to 2020 are selected from the core periodical database in China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI)and the core collection database of Web of Science.These papers are analyzed based on their publication year, distribution of journals, research institutions, scholars, and keywords, by using the CiteSpace and VOSviewer software. The research trends and hotspots of road safety have been reviewed from the following five aspects: identification of black spots and analysis of influencing factors, safety evaluation and prediction, epidemiological study and prevention of road traffic injury(RTI), response to accidents and safety management, accident simulation and driving behavior analysis. The results show that: ①road safety research has multi-disciplinary nature from the perspective of co-authorship analysis. ② Co-occurrence analysis of keywords shows that the categories of co-occurrence keywords in domestic and foreign journals are basically similar, which indicates that studies on road safetycarried out in Chinaare consistent with those abroad. ③Data analysis shows that there are still issues within the current research, such as the lack of real-time road safety evaluation methods, inconsistent data structure for accident-related injury data, and the effectiveness and applicability of accident simulation model need to be further improved. ④In terms of the evolution of road safety research, future research could mainly focus on tort liability and the impactsof accidents on road capacity.
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Key words:
- road safety /
- state of the art /
- research topics /
- CiteSpace /
- VOSviewer
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图 1 2000—2020年道路交通事故研究载文量分布图
Figure 1. Distribution of research papers on road safety from 2000 to 2020
图 3 Web of Science主要研究群体共现图谱
Figure 3. Web of Science cooccurrence map of main research groups
图 5 Web of Science关键词共现知识图谱
Figure 5. Web of Science keywords co-occurrence knowledge map
表 1 CNKI从事道路交通事故研究的代表性学者
Table 1. CNKI representative scholars engaged in road safety research
序号 中心性 作者 序号 被引频次 作者 1 15 周继红 1 19 王正国 2 14 王正国 2 9 周继红 3 10 李桢 3 8 刘锐 4 9 邱俊 4 7 付锐 5 9 李立 5 7 尹志勇 6 9 段腾龙 6 7 刘小明 7 9 张良 7 6 高建刚 8 9 蒋志全 8 5 赵玲 9 9 何永旺 9 5 邵春福 10 2 代维 10 5 刘浩学 
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表 2 Web of Science从事道路交通事故研究的代表性学者
Table 2. Web of Science representative scholars engaged in road safety research
序号 中心性 作者 序号 被引频次 作者 1 7 Laumon Bernard 1 6 Park Kee B 2 6 Negishi Kazuno 2 5 Laumon Bernard 3 6 Yamagata Bun 3 5 Hitosugi Masahito 4 6 Yamamoto Yasuharu 4 5 Morland Jorg 5 6 Lauwaert Door 5 4 Charnay Pierrette 6 6 Hotta Ryo 6 4 Hours Martine 7 6 Tsutsumimoto Kota 7 4 Rehman Lal 8 6 Deynse Helena Van 8 4 Xing Yingying 9 6 Makizako Hyuma 9 4 Pereznuez Ricardo 10 6 Belleghem Griet Van 10 4 Lu Jian
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表 3 CNKI期刊载文量分布
Table 3. CNKI distribution of journal articles
单位: 篇 期刊 数据库 2000—2005年 2006—2010年 2011—2015年 2016—2020年 合计 《公路》 北大核心 14 25 31 12 82 《公路交通科技》 CSCD 28 14 12 4 58 《中国安全科学学报》 CSCD 0 27 18 13 58 《中华创伤杂志》 CSCD 17 12 10 4 43 《中国公路学报》 EI 8 2 5 15 30 《中国法医学杂志》 CSCD 0 6 12 10 28 《长安大学学报(自然科学版)》 CSCD 9 9 2 6 26 《交通运输工程学报》 EI 1 17 6 1 25 《保险研究》 CSSCI 1 7 11 5 24 《重庆交通大学学报(自然科学版)》 CSCD 0 8 9 7 24 《中国安全生产科学技术》 CSCD 0 5 5 10 20 《中外公路》 北大核心 2 9 8 1 20 合计 80 141 129 88 438
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表 4 Web of Science期刊共被引分析
Table 4. Web of Science analysis of journal co-citation
序号 被引频次 期刊 序号 中心性 期刊 1 924 Accident Analysis & Prevention 1 11 Acta Otorhinolaryngologica 2 526 Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma 2 10 American Journal of Psychiatry 3 396 International Journal of the Care of Injured 3 10 Journal of Neurotrauma 4 365 The Lancet 4 9 Addiction 5 363 Traffic Injury Prevention 5 8 BMCPublicHealth 6 283 Injury Prevention 6 8 Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery-American Volume 7 281 Journal of Safety Research 7 8 Spine 8 256 Transportation Research Record 8 8 Sleep 9 246 British Medical Joural 9 8 Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Medicine and Pathology 10 222 Jama-journal of the American Medical Association 10 7 Journal of Cranio-maxillofacial Surgery
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表 5 CNKI与Web of Science关键词共现中心性表
Table 5. CNKI and Web of Science keywords co-occurrence frequency and centrality table
序号 CNKI 序号 Web of science 关键词 中心性 关键词 中心性 1 道路交通事故 41 1 risk factor 9 2 交通安全 27 2 safety 9 3 交通工程 27 3 motor vehicle accident 9 4 高速公路 23 4 crash 8 5 影响因素 12 5 pattern 6 6 交强险 10 6 fracture 5 7 安全评价 9 7 driver 5 8 自动驾驶汽车 8 8 trend 48 9 运行速度 8 9 management 38 10 交通安全法 7 10 impact factor 27
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